Phormium tenax, commonly known as harakeke or New Zealand flax, is a striking, architectural native plant known for its bold, upright form and cultural significance. It typically grows to 1.5 to 3 meters in height with a similar spread, forming dense clumps of long, sword-like green leaves. Harakeke thrives in a wide range of conditions — from wetland edges to dry, exposed hillsides — and is highly tolerant of wind, salt spray, drought, and poor soils, making it ideal for coastal or low-maintenance plantings. In late spring to summer, it produces tall flower spikes up to 4 meters high, with red to orange tubular flowers that are rich in nectar and highly attractive to native birds such as tūī and bellbirds. Its strong leaves have traditionally been used by Māori for weaving and rope making.